FLIGHT_PLAN = {
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.06, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try00" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.12, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try01" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.18, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try02" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.24, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try03" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.30, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try04" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.38, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try05" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.45, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try06" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.06, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try07" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.12, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try08" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.18, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try09" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.24, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try10" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.30, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try11" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.38, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try12" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.45, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try13" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.06, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try14" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.12, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try15" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.18, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try16" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.24, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try17" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.30, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try18" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.38, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try19" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.45, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try20" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.06, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try21" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.12, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try22" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.18, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try23" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.24, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try24" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.30, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try25" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.38, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try26" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.45, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try27" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.06, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try28" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.12, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try29" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.18, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try30" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.24, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try31" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.30, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try32" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.38, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try33" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.45, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try34" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.06, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try35" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.12, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try36" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.18, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try37" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.24, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try38" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.30, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try39" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.38, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try40" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.45, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try41" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.06, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try42" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.12, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try43" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.18, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try44" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.24, aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_try45" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.30, aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_try46" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.38, aim = "far", label = "smoke_bomb_try47" },
}
-- flight-measure.lua — measure real projectile flight for every held projectile weapon.
-- Read-only probe: wraps Effects.Projectile / Effects.Pellets and Ballistics.Advance for the
-- duration of the run, hooks WeaponAction:FireServer to read the client's charge, listens on the
-- CombatFX/CombatFXU channels for ProjectileHit, aims through the game's own Camera module and
-- fires through Controller.Dispatch("Primary", true/false). Everything is restored at the end.
--
-- Output: one "M ..." line per shot (raw launch + samples + fit), plus "MEND".

local Players = game:GetService("Players")
local RS = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
local CollectionService = game:GetService("CollectionService")
local LP = Players.LocalPlayer
local char = LP.Character

local Camera = require(RS.Shared.Camera)
local Util = require(LP.PlayerScripts.Combat.Util)
local Effects = require(LP.PlayerScripts.Combat.Effects)
local Ball = require(RS.Shared.Combat.Ballistics)
local C = require(LP.PlayerScripts.Combat.Controller)
local Weapons = require(RS.Shared.Weapons)

local function f(x, n) return string.format("%." .. (n or 4) .. "f", x) end

-- shot plan: {slot, hold (seconds Primary held, nil = tap), aim = "near"/"far"/"free"}
-- A caller may prepend `FLIGHT_PLAN = { ... }` to run a subset.
local PLAN = FLIGHT_PLAN or {
  -- smoke bombs first (only 2 charges live at a time); retry later in the run
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.06,  aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_c0.25" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.40,  aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_c1.00" },

  { slot = 1, hold = 0.125, aim = "near", label = "short_bow_c0.25" },
  { slot = 1, hold = 0.25,  aim = "near", label = "short_bow_c0.50" },
  { slot = 1, hold = 0.375, aim = "near", label = "short_bow_c0.75" },
  { slot = 1, hold = 0.75,  aim = "near", label = "short_bow_c1.00" },
  { slot = 1, hold = 0.75,  aim = "far",  label = "short_bow_c1.00" },
  { slot = 1, hold = 0.75,  aim = "free", label = "short_bow_c1.00" },

  { slot = 3, aim = "near", label = "throwing_knives" },
  { slot = 3, aim = "far",  label = "throwing_knives" },
  { slot = 3, aim = "free", label = "throwing_knives" },

  { slot = 2, aim = "near", label = "sling" },
  { slot = 2, aim = "far",  label = "sling" },
  { slot = 2, aim = "free", label = "sling" },

  { slot = 5, hold = 0.13,  aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_c0.50_late" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.20,  aim = "near", label = "smoke_bomb_c0.75_late" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.40,  aim = "far",  label = "smoke_bomb_c1.00_far_late" },
  { slot = 5, hold = 0.40,  aim = "free", label = "smoke_bomb_c1.00_free_late" },
}

-- ---------------------------------------------------------------- hooks
local projCalls, pelletCalls, fires, hits = {}, {}, {}, {}
local trace = {}
local pendingMine = false

local origProj = Effects.Projectile
Effects.Projectile = function(key, kind, origin, velocity, gravity, shooter, prediction)
  table.insert(projCalls, { key = key, kind = kind, origin = origin, velocity = velocity,
    gravity = gravity, mine = (shooter == char), t = os.clock() })
  pendingMine = (shooter == char)
  local a, b, c, d, e, f2, g2 = origProj(key, kind, origin, velocity, gravity, shooter, prediction)
  pendingMine = false
  return a, b, c, d, e, f2, g2
end
local origPellets = Effects.Pellets
if type(origPellets) == "function" then
  Effects.Pellets = function(key, kind, origin, dir, speed, gravity, count, spread, seed, shooter, prediction)
    table.insert(pelletCalls, { kind = kind, origin = origin, dir = dir, speed = speed, gravity = gravity,
      count = count, spread = spread, mine = (shooter == char), t = os.clock() })
    pendingMine = (shooter == char)
    local r = origPellets(key, kind, origin, dir, speed, gravity, count, spread, seed, shooter, prediction)
    pendingMine = false
    return r
  end
end
-- tag the ballistics state created for a launched projectile so Advance can be filtered to MY shots
local origNew = Ball.new
Ball.new = function(p1, p2, p3, p4)
  local s = origNew(p1, p2, p3, p4)
  s.__probeMine = pendingMine
  return s
end
local origAdvance = Ball.Advance
Ball.Advance = function(shot, dt)
  if not shot.__probeMine then return origAdvance(shot, dt) end
  local p0, v0, g = shot.pos, shot.vel, shot.gravity
  local a, b = origAdvance(shot, dt)
  table.insert(trace, { dt = dt, p0 = p0, v0 = v0, dp = b, p1 = shot.pos, v1 = shot.vel, g = g, t = os.clock() })
  return a, b
end

local origNamecall
local nc = newcclosure(function(self, ...)
  if self == RS.Remotes.WeaponAction and getnamecallmethod() == "FireServer" then
    local action, payload = ...
    if action == "Shoot" then
      table.insert(fires, { charge = type(payload) == "table" and payload.charge or nil,
        dir = type(payload) == "table" and payload.dir or nil,
        origin = type(payload) == "table" and payload.origin or nil, t = os.clock() })
    end
  end
  return origNamecall(self, ...)
end)
origNamecall = hookmetamethod(game, "__namecall", nc)

local fxConns = {}
for _, name in ipairs({ "CombatFX", "CombatFXU" }) do
  local r = RS.Remotes:FindFirstChild(name)
  if r then
    table.insert(fxConns, r.OnClientEvent:Connect(function(action, data)
      if action == "ProjectileHit" and type(data) == "table" then
        table.insert(hits, { key = data.key, position = data.position, expired = data.expired, part = data.part,
          character = data.character, t = os.clock() })
      end
    end))
  end
end

-- ---------------------------------------------------------------- dummy list
local dummies = {}
do
  local folder = game.Workspace:FindFirstChild("Lobby")
  folder = folder and folder:FindFirstChild("Range")
  folder = folder and folder:FindFirstChild("Dummies")
  if folder then
    for _, d in ipairs(folder:GetChildren()) do
      local p = d.PrimaryPart or d:FindFirstChild("HumanoidRootPart") or d:FindFirstChildWhichIsA("BasePart")
      if p then
        dummies[#dummies + 1] = { model = d, pos = p.Position,
          dist = (p.Position - char.HumanoidRootPart.Position).Magnitude }
      end
    end
  end
end
table.sort(dummies, function(a, b) return a.dist < b.dist end)
for i, d in ipairs(dummies) do
  print(string.format("DUMMY i=%d name=%s dist=%.1f pos=%.1f,%.1f,%.1f",
    i, d.model.Name, d.dist, d.pos.X, d.pos.Y, d.pos.Z))
end

-- ---------------------------------------------------------------- aiming
local savedYaw, savedPitch = Camera.GetYaw(), Camera.GetPitch()

-- pick the most open horizontal direction (max raycast distance) for free shots
local freeYaw = savedYaw
do
  local best, bestYaw = 0, savedYaw
  local o = char.Head.Position
  for k = 0, 23 do
    local yaw = k / 24 * math.pi * 2
    local dir = Vector3.new(-math.sin(yaw), 0, -math.cos(yaw))
    local hit = workspace:Raycast(o, dir * 600, Util.WorldParams())
    local d = hit and (hit.Position - o).Magnitude or 600
    if d > best then best, bestYaw = d, yaw end
  end
  freeYaw = bestYaw
  print(string.format("FREEYAW %.3f freedist=%.0f (savedYaw=%.3f)", freeYaw, best, savedYaw))
end

-- ballistic aim: find the launch pitch to hit `target` from `origin` given speed s, accel g, and
-- the game's post-normalise upward bias b (Throw adds (0,b,0) before normalising; Bow/Gun b=0).
local function ballisticPitch(origin, target, s, g, b)
  local dx, dz = target.X - origin.X, target.Z - origin.Z
  local d = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dz * dz)
  local h = target.Y - origin.Y
  if d < 0.01 then return 0 end
  if s * s < 0.01 then return math.atan2(h, d) end
  local phi
  if g < 1e-3 then
    phi = math.atan2(h, d)
  else
    local disc = s ^ 4 - g * (g * d * d + 2 * h * s * s)
    if disc < 0 then
      phi = math.atan2(h, d) + 0.35 -- unreachable: lob it
    else
      phi = math.atan((s * s - math.sqrt(disc)) / (g * d))
    end
  end
  -- undo the +b vertical bias the game adds after normalising
  local theta = phi
  for _ = 1, 4 do
    local ct = math.cos(theta)
    if ct < 1e-3 then break end
    local st = math.sin(theta)
    local want = ct * math.tan(phi) - b
    want = math.max(-0.999, math.min(0.999, want))
    theta = math.asin(want)
  end
  return theta
end

local function setLookAt(origin, target, s, g, b)
  local dx, dz = target.X - origin.X, target.Z - origin.Z
  local yaw = math.atan2(-dx, -dz)
  local theta = ballisticPitch(origin, target, s, g, b)
  Camera.SetLook(yaw, theta)
end

local kindBias = { Bomb = 0.16, Sling = 0.05, Javelin = 0.04 }
local function biasFor(kind) return kindBias[kind] or 0.01 end

-- ---------------------------------------------------------------- run
local function equipSlot(slot)
  LP:SetAttribute("EquipSlot", slot)
  local deadline = os.clock() + 3
  while os.clock() < deadline do
    local t = char:FindFirstChildWhichIsA("Tool")
    if t and t:GetAttribute("SlotIndex") == slot then return t end
    task.wait(0.03)
  end
  return char:FindFirstChildWhichIsA("Tool")
end

local function analyze(rec)
  local O, V, g = rec.origin, rec.velocity, rec.gravity
  local speed = V.Magnitude
  local vh = math.sqrt(V.X * V.X + V.Z * V.Z)
  local pitch = math.deg(math.asin(math.clamp(V.Y / math.max(speed, 1e-6), -1, 1)))
  -- trace samples
  local samples = {}
  local t, d = 0, 0
  local targets = { 20, 50, 100, 150 }
  local ti = 1
  local maxResid, maxKin = 0, 0
  local gsum, gwt = 0, 0
  local prev = nil
  for _, st in ipairs(rec.steps) do
    local expect = st.v0 * st.dt + Vector3.new(0, -0.5 * st.g * st.dt * st.dt, 0)
    local r = (st.dp - expect).Magnitude
    if r > maxResid then maxResid = r end
    if math.abs(st.dt) > 1e-6 then
      gsum = gsum + (st.v0.Y - st.v1.Y) / st.dt * st.dt
      gwt = gwt + st.dt
    end
    local d0 = math.sqrt((st.p0.X - O.X) ^ 2 + (st.p0.Z - O.Z) ^ 2)
    local d1 = math.sqrt((st.p1.X - O.X) ^ 2 + (st.p1.Z - O.Z) ^ 2)
    local t1 = t + st.dt
    -- kinematic model residual: p1 vs O + V*t1 + (0,-0.5 g t1^2,0)
    local model = O + V * t1 + Vector3.new(0, -0.5 * g * t1 * t1, 0)
    local kr = (st.p1 - model).Magnitude
    if kr > maxKin then maxKin = kr end
    -- sample crossings of horizontal distance (evaluate the verified kinematic model at t*)
    while ti <= #targets and d1 >= targets[ti] and d1 > d0 + 1e-9 do
      local w = (targets[ti] - d0) / (d1 - d0)
      local tt = t + st.dt * w
      local ty = O.Y + V.Y * tt - 0.5 * g * tt * tt           -- model y at the crossing time
      local line = O.Y + (V.Y / math.max(vh, 1e-6)) * targets[ti]
      local drop = line - ty
      local lift = 0.5 * g * (targets[ti] / math.max(speed, 1e-6)) ^ 2
      samples[#samples + 1] = { dist = targets[ti], t = tt, y = ty - O.Y, drop = drop, lift = lift }
      ti = ti + 1
    end
    t = t1; d = d1
    prev = st
  end
  rec.speed = speed; rec.vh = vh; rec.pitch = pitch
  rec.samples = samples
  rec.maxResid = maxResid
  rec.maxKin = maxKin
  rec.gMeasured = gwt > 0 and gsum / gwt or nil
  rec.endT = t
  rec.endPos = prev and prev.p1 or nil
end

local report = {}
for si, shot in ipairs(PLAN) do
  local tool = equipSlot(shot.slot)
  task.wait(0.5)
  local weaponId = tool and tool:GetAttribute("WeaponId")
  local def = weaponId and Weapons.Get(weaponId)
  local tuning = def and def.tuning or {}
  local kind = def and def.kind

  -- nominal speed for aiming
  local nominal = tuning.speed or tuning.speedMax or 200
  if shot.hold and tuning.speedMin and tuning.speedMax and tuning.drawTime then
    local ch = math.min(shot.hold / tuning.drawTime, 1)
    nominal = tuning.speedMin + (tuning.speedMax - tuning.speedMin) * ch
  end
  local origin = Util.ShotOrigin(tool, kind == "Bow" and "Muzzle" or "Tip")
  local target
  if shot.aim == "free" then
    Camera.SetLook(freeYaw, math.rad(40))
  else
    local idx
    if shot.aim == "near" then idx = 1 else idx = #dummies end
    local dd = dummies[idx]
    target = dd and (dd.pos + Vector3.new(0, 0.0, 0))
    if target then setLookAt(origin, target, nominal, tuning.gravity or 60, biasFor(kind)) end
  end
  task.wait(0.1)

  local nF, nH, nP, nA = #fires, #hits, #projCalls, #trace
  local t0 = os.clock()
  C.Dispatch("Primary", true)
  if shot.hold then task.wait(shot.hold) end
  if shot.hold then C.Dispatch("Primary", false) else task.wait(0.05); C.Dispatch("Primary", false) end

  -- wait for impact, or for the trace to stop growing
  local lastN, lastGrow = nA, os.clock()
  local deadline = os.clock() + 6.5
  local armed = os.clock() + 0.7        -- give the client this long to send FireServer/Projectile
  while os.clock() < deadline do
    if #hits > nH then break end
    if #trace > lastN then lastN = #trace; lastGrow = os.clock() end
    if #trace > nA and os.clock() - lastGrow > 0.55 then break end
    if #fires == nF and #projCalls == nP and os.clock() > armed then
      -- never fired (out of charges / wrong tool); stop waiting
      if os.clock() > armed + 0.5 then break end
    end
    task.wait(0.02)
  end
  task.wait(0.15)

  local fire = (#fires > nF) and fires[#fires] or nil
  local proj = (#projCalls > nP) and projCalls[#projCalls] or nil
  local hit
  if proj and proj.key ~= nil then
    for i = nH + 1, #hits do
      if hits[i].key == proj.key then hit = hits[i] break end
    end
  end
  local rec = { label = shot.label, weaponId = weaponId, kind = kind, aim = shot.aim,
    hold = shot.hold, chargeSent = fire and fire.charge,
    origin = proj and proj.origin, velocity = proj and proj.velocity,
    gravity = proj and proj.gravity or tuning.gravity,
    dirSent = fire and fire.dir,
    hit = hit and hit.position, expired = hit and hit.expired,
    hitPart = hit and hit.part and hit.part.Name,
    hitTarget = hit and hit.character and hit.character.Name,
    fired = fire ~= nil,
    steps = {} }
  for i = nA + 1, #trace do rec.steps[#rec.steps + 1] = trace[i] end
  if rec.origin and rec.velocity and #rec.steps > 0 then analyze(rec) end
  report[#report + 1] = rec
  task.wait(0.35)
end

-- ---------------------------------------------------------------- restore
Camera.SetLook(savedYaw, savedPitch)
Effects.Projectile = origProj
if type(origPellets) == "function" then Effects.Pellets = origPellets end
Ball.new = origNew
Ball.Advance = origAdvance
hookmetamethod(game, "__namecall", origNamecall)
for _, c in ipairs(fxConns) do c:Disconnect() end
LP:SetAttribute("EquipSlot", 1)

-- ---------------------------------------------------------------- print
for _, r in ipairs(report) do
  local p = {
    "M", "label=" .. tostring(r.label), "aim=" .. tostring(r.aim), "weapon=" .. tostring(r.weaponId),
    "kind=" .. tostring(r.kind), "fired=" .. tostring(r.fired), "hold=" .. tostring(r.hold),
    "chargeSent=" .. tostring(r.chargeSent and f(r.chargeSent, 4) or "nil"),
    "gPassed=" .. tostring(r.gravity),
    "speed=" .. tostring(r.speed and f(r.speed, 3) or "nil"),
    "pitchDeg=" .. tostring(r.pitch and f(r.pitch, 2) or "nil"),
    "gMeas=" .. tostring(r.gMeasured and f(r.gMeasured, 3) or "nil"),
    "O=" .. tostring(r.origin), "V=" .. tostring(r.velocity),
    "hit=" .. tostring(r.hit), "expired=" .. tostring(r.expired),
    "hitPart=" .. tostring(r.hitPart), "hitTarget=" .. tostring(r.hitTarget),
    "nSteps=" .. tostring(#r.steps),
    "endT=" .. tostring(r.endT and f(r.endT, 3) or "nil"),
    "endPos=" .. tostring(r.endPos),
    "maxResid=" .. tostring(r.maxResid and f(r.maxResid, 6) or "nil"),
    "maxKin=" .. tostring(r.maxKin and f(r.maxKin, 6) or "nil"),
  }
  print(table.concat(p, " "))
  if r.samples then
    for _, s in ipairs(r.samples) do
      print(string.format("SAMPLE label=%s d=%.0f t=%.4f y=%.4f drop=%.4f lift=%.4f ratio=%.4f",
        r.label, s.dist, s.t, s.y, s.drop, s.lift, s.lift / math.max(s.drop, 1e-9)))
    end
  end
  if r.chargeSent ~= nil and r.speed and r.weaponId then
    local d2 = Weapons.Get(r.weaponId)
    local t2 = d2 and d2.tuning
    if t2 and t2.speedMin and t2.speedMax then
      local ch = r.speed and (r.speed - t2.speedMin) / (t2.speedMax - t2.speedMin)
      print(string.format("CHARGE label=%s chargeSent=%.4f speed=%s formula=(%.1f+(%.1f-%.1f)*c) chargeBacksolved=%.4f speedModel=%.3f err=%.4f",
        r.label, r.chargeSent or -1, f(r.speed, 3), t2.speedMin, t2.speedMax, t2.speedMin, ch,
        t2.speedMin + (t2.speedMax - t2.speedMin) * (r.chargeSent or 0),
        r.speed - (t2.speedMin + (t2.speedMax - t2.speedMin) * (r.chargeSent or 0))))
    end
  end
end
print("MEND shots=" .. #report)